Insulin level...

Normal Insulin Level: A polypeptide hormone produced in the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas for regulating the body’s carbohydrate as well as fat metabolism, the lack of a normal insulin level in the body can cause extremely widespread effects – from a decreased glycogen synthesis to the contraction of the arterial muscles.Let us have a look at how a normal level of insulin proves to be beneficial:

§ Glycogen Synthesis: Insulin stores glucose in liver and muscle cells in the form of glycogen. A low insulin level makes the liver cells convert glycogen to glucose and then pass it into the blood.

§ Fatty acid synthesis and ester formation: Insulin makes fat cells to form triglycerides from blood lipids and forces adipose tissue to synthesize fat from fatty acid esters.

§ Protein and fat retention: Insulin reduces protein (muscle) degradation as well as decreases lipolysis.

§ Amino acid and potassium uptake: Makes cells capable of absorbing circulating amino acids and serum potassium.

§ Arterial muscle maintenance: Insulin makes the arterial wall muscles to dilate and maintain the normal blood flow, especially in micro arteries.

High Insulin Levels: Insulin secretion is triggered by the intake of carbohydrates and it causes a rise in the blood sugar levels, driving the body to use more carbohydrate than fat. However, high insulin levels suppress glucagons and HGH that stay responsible for promoting the burning of fat and sugar and muscle development respectively.

Fasting Insulin Level: A determinant for treating insulin resistance syndrome, fasting insulin levels of over 15 uU/ml are used to diagnose besides using the fasting glucose to insulin ratio or a hemoglobin A1c.

Insulin levels and Blood Sugar: Hyperinsulism or hyperinsulinemia i.e. an above normal level of insulin in the blood is a condition that varies from person to person. However, Hyperinsulinism can also show up as the result for a number of other medical problems: hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia. Insulin controls blood sugar level through a homeostatic mechanism. The human body requires glucose in blood to be maintained in a very narrow range, which is achieved through the actions of the Insulin and glucagons. A variation from the normal course gives rise to sugar-related problems since the stimulus for insulin secretion is high volume of glucose in blood. Similarly, as glucose levels in blood fall, the amount of insulin goes down as well.